Combined reflector and refractor for lamps.



H. PIG'KHARDT. COMBINED RBFLBUTOR `AND REPRAGTOR FOR LAMPS- APPLICATIONFILED JULY 10, 1913.

L, Patented Mar.3,1914=.

narran sTaTEs PATENT oratore.

HARRY PICKHARDT, F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO YHOENIX GLASS CO., OF

vPIIlSBUltCi-H, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION 0F WEST VIRGINIA.

y Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 10, 1913.

Serial No. 778,283.

,To au 'whom it may concern Be .it known that I, HARRY Piennann'r, aeitizen o1 the United States, residing at New York, in the county o'lNew York and State of New York, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Combined Reflectors and lletraetors for l'lamps, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The present invention relates more particularly to combinationrefraetors and retleetors ttor lamps, and while particularly intendedfor electric lighting, is not neces sarily limited thereto.

(')ne o't` the primary objects of the in vention is to provide meansthat will hold the refraetor and retleetor elements securely andpositively in correct relation to the lamp and to each other, in orderto give the maximum amount of light downward and in the most usefuldirection below the light source.

A further and important object is to so arrange the parts that theheavier member is supported from the upper side of the holder, so thatit Cannot work loose and fall, while both elements are easily installedor taken down.

Another and important object is to provide means that is exceedinglysimple in its `character, thereby Areducing the cost without decreasingthe utility.

ln the accompanying drawings, thepre- 'erred emlmdinient oi theinvention is i1lus trated, Figure 1 being a perspective view ot thedevice eoniplete.' Fig. 2 is a plan view ot the lower retlector andrefractor, with a portion ot its support. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectionalview. Fig. l* is a similar View with the reflectors and retirar-torsdetached, and `Fig. is a sectional view on the line -5-5 of Fig. f l.

4Similar re terence numerals designate corresponding parts in all thefigures of` the drawings.

In the embodiment illustrated. an u. or

shaderlamping member is employed, preterably in the 'form of a tubularbody ti, having a flange 7, the marginal portion of which is flared asat 8.' This body carries a screwthreaded extensiontl, having suitablevent openings therein. It is provided with a eap or hood portioncomprising leaves 10e hinged to the extension, as shown at 10". Saidhood can thus be opened to permit the introdrction of a standard socketand `will close over the same. Another shaue-e1amping member 11 isthreaded upon the extension 9, heilig' provided with a flared neck 12,terminating in an outstanding flange 13 that is arranged to bear uponthe upper shade, as hereinafter explained. rlhe upper end ot' thismember ll is inturned to bear upon the leaves 10 and thus hold the sameclosed. ,A lower oppositel)r disposed shadeclamping' member 1l i's. alsoemployed having a flared marginal flange portion l5, and the member 14:is provided with a central depending stem 167, thatiis threaded. On thisstem is detachably mounted a coacting shade-clamping element 1G of sheetmetal that held in place by a thumb nut 17 de-f tayhablv threaded onthe' lower end ofthe stem. The upper and lower shaile-clampingr meansthus produced, are permanently oonnocted by outwardly bowed rods 1S, theends ot which are respectively riveted to the in ner side of the body 6and the inner side of the member 14. It will of course be understoodthat any number of the rods may be employed as desired, though two havebeen `found sufficient.

An upper over-hanging and outstanding shade 18 is employed that isupwardly oonvexed, being provided with a Central opening llt), throughwhich the extension 9 oi the upper clamping inember is passed. Themargin ot the shade 1S around the cpening l?) is downturned, asillustrated at 20, and the inner edge ot the shade rests upon the tlatflange 7 of the upper member (l. The upper' elamping member 11 isthreaded down upon the extension 9, and its lower edge bears upon theupper surface of the shade 18, directly adjacent to the down turnedportion 20. A lower shade and refraetor 2l is also employed, that issubstan` tially concave-convex. This shade has a lower contracted neckportion 22, surrounding a central opening that receives the lowerclamping member 14; The eoaetine: member 16 is arranged below the shade,and Vits upper edge bears against the same, being held in place, asalready explained, by the nut 17. The shade and refraetor 21 has itslarger end of less diameter than the diameter of the shade 18, and saidend extends above the outer edge 23 of said shade 1S, but is locatedbetween the inner and outer edges of the latter. As a matter of fact,the upper Patented Mar. 3, 1914.

light scientifically. Preferably. they are l made ofglass that is densein its nature and the under face of the upper reflector is preferablyroughened', though allvthe surfaces may be polished. Translucent glassis preferably employed. As a result, the members -1S and 2i. re-lect alarge partei' the light that fallsfon them, but transmit a 'smallportion, and that part, which is transmitted through vthe glass, isextremely mild and harmless to the eyes. Both of these members arespeciall designed in shape to reliect the light in" the mostadvantageous manner. It will of course be understood that any lamp, asindicated in dotted lines at 25, in Fig. 3, may be employed, and thelight emitted by suchv lam may be considered as follows. First, t atwhich goes through both the upper and lower members. As above stated,this will be mild, andy is well diilused bypassing through. Second, thatwhich falls on the lower retlector, andit isv redirected toward theupper. 30`

The direction of retlection is at suchanl angle that it will be againreected downward and outward. rlhird, that which strikes the upperreflector either from.l the lamp direct or Jfrom the lower reflector-andis reected out-- ward and downward so as to be most edsctive and yet is`su'iliciently diused so that it i will not be harmful to the eyes.

From a structural standpoint, it will be obvious that the device iscomparatively simple, so that it can be easily and cheaply manufactured.The upper reflector andrefractor is so mounted that it cannot fall fromits retaining means, even though the latter should become loosened, yetit may` be easily removed if desired. ln like manner, the lower member-21 can be easily detached and replaced.

From the foregoing, it vis thought that the construction, operation andmany advantages of the' herein described. invention' will be apparent tothose skilled in the art,- without further description, and it will bevunderstood that various changes in the size,

shape,rproportion and minor details of construction may ybe resorted towithout departing from thespirit or sacrificing` any of thev advantagesof the invention.

.Having thus fully described my invention,

. what I claim as'new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. ln apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with anupper and alower shade-clamping member, said members being oppositelydisposed, of means connecting the said members for holding them inspaced relation, a removable shade-clamping member 'detachably mountedover the u per clampingmember and coacting therewith, and` a removableclamping member located below the lower clamping member and coactingtherewith.

connection with the upper portion of the' upper clamping`nuernberg-and.another removable clamping member having' a detach-l ablethreaded engagement with the lower portion or the lower member andcoacting with said member. f

- 3. In 'apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with anupper dared shadeclamping plate and a lower tiered shadeclamping plate,of spaced rods connecting the piet@ a removable shade-clamping platedetach.u j mounted on the upper portion Vof the upper plate, and aremovable shadeclamping plate detachably mounted'on the lower 'portionofthe lower plate.

il. ln apparel' Vthe 'comblnation withv an upper shade-clamping platehaving an upstanding tubular eX- tens'ion and a coasting removableshadeclamping plate threaded onA said extension, of a lowershade-clamping late having a depending stem, a coacting p ate detachablymounted on the stem, and spaced rods secured to the said upper and lowerplates and maintaining the same in predetermined relation. v

5. ln apparatus of the character set forth, the combination with upperand lower oppositely disposed shade-clamping members, the

2. In apparatus of the character set forth,

ofV the character set forth,

upper member having an upstanding extenmeans, of lower shade-holdingmeans, a supporting I connection for. the loweijshade-A holding-means"connected thereto and supported fronithe upper shade-holding means,

and separate means carried by the upper shade-holding means for detachabiy suspending the apparatus.

7. 'In' apparatus of the character described, the combination with uppershade-holding means, of lowcr-shade-holding means, a supportingconnection between the two means, means carried by the upper holdingmeans iis A of the character set forth, Y

for detnohably suspending the apbarntus, un In testimony whereof I havehereunto set upwardl extending light surrounding shade myl hand inpresence of two subscribing carried i y the lower means, and anoverw1tnesses.

hanging upper shade carried b the upper HARRY PICKHARDT.- meanfs, saidupper shade exten ing beyond Witnesses:

the lower shade and being spaced from the E. H. PEOR, y

sume. y u F. H. BAKER.

